lunes 9 de setiembre de 2019
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Honey: nutrient and funcitonal properties
Book of Honey, Chapter 8Bee Product Science,www.bee-hexagon.net, 15 January 2012
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Honeyas Nutrient and Functional Food
Stefan Bogdanov
INTRODUCTION
As the only available sweetener honey was an important food for Homo sapiens since his very beginnings.Indeed, the relation between bees and Homo sapiens started as early as stone age
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. In order to reach thesweet honey, man was ready to risk his life (Figure 1). Already the first written reference to honey, aSumerian tablet writing, dating back to 2100-2000 BC, mentions honey’s use as a drug and an ointment
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.In most ancient cultures honey has been used for both nutritional purposes and for medicine
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.According to the bible, the wise Solomon has said: “Eat honey my son, because it is good” (Old Testament, proverb 24:13). The belief, that honey is a nutrient, drug and an ointment has been carried into our days. Fora long time in human history it was the only known sweetener, until industrial sugar production began toreplace it after 1800
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. In the long human history honey has been not only as a nutrient but also as amedicine
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. A medicine branch, called apitherapy, has developed in recent years, offering treatments formany diseases by honey and the other bee products (see Chapter 7).At present the annual world honey production is about 1.2 million tons, which is less than 1% of the totalsugar production. Today, honey is one of the last untreated natural foods. The consumption of honey differsstrongly from country to country. In the major honey producing and exporting countries China andArgentina the annual consumption is small: 0.1 to 0.2 kg per capita. It is higher in developed countries,where the home production does not always cover the market needs. In the European Union, which is both amajor honey importer and producer, the annual consumption per capita varies from medium (0.3-0.4 kg) inItaly, France, Great Britain, Denmark, Portugal to high (1-1.8 kg) in Germany, Austria, Switzerland,Portugal, Hungary, Greece, while in overseas countries such as USA, Canada and Australia the average percapita consumption is 0.6 to 0.8 kg/year (see Honey Chapter on this homepage)Different surveys on nutritional and health aspects of honey have been compiled
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